Ace the Montana Cosmetology Exam 2026 – Style Your Future with Confidence!

The three main components of hair structure are the cuticle, cortex, and medulla.

The cuticle is the outermost layer of the hair, composed of overlapping dead keratinized cells that protect the inner layers. This layer serves as a barrier to environmental damage and also influences the hair's shine and texture.

The cortex is the middle layer and makes up the majority of the hair's structure. It consists of long chains of keratin and is responsible for the hair's strength, elasticity, and color. The cortex contains pigment granules that give hair its color and plays a crucial role in how hair reacts to chemical treatments.

The medulla is the innermost layer, which may not always be present in every strand of hair, especially in finer hair types. It's a soft, spongy core that can contribute to the hair's overall structure and buoyancy.

While other options include components of hair or related structures, they do not accurately represent the three fundamental layers that compose the hair itself. Understanding these parts is essential for hair care professionals, especially when considering treatments, styling, and hair health.